世界银行：加拿大全球顶尖人才移民首选地之一

世界银行(World Bank)最新调查报告显示，加拿大仍是全球顶尖高技术人群想要移民的第二大国家。

报告表示，美国仍然是高技术人群的首选移民地。目前全世界40％的高技能移民正在移居美国，加拿大则稳定地居于第二顺位。

报告指出，美国、加拿大、英国和澳大利亚吸引了世界上绝大多数移民，这四个国家的移民比例占到世界上高技术移民的75％。

据CBC报导，调查人员研究了近几十年来的移民模式，以跟踪世界各地移民的人数以及他们的来源和去向国。

数据显示，尽管时有危言耸听的政治运动和媒体报导，但实际上在过去的半个世纪中，全球移民状况已基本稳定。在世界范围内，不居住在出生国人口的比例，与1960年相同，约为3％。
与以往不同的是，那些高技术人才，正从多个不同的国家移居到少数几个国家，特别是移民到美、英、加、澳。

移民首选国家中，美国仍排名第一，远远领先于其它三个国家。调查估计，全世界高技能移民中，有40%的人是前往美国，但加拿大一直是他们其次考虑的国家。

这对加拿大来说是个好消息，因为那些移民都带着原有的财富以及技术来到移民国，帮助当地进一步促进并改革经济。

有许多证据显示，这些国家主要通过吸收那些追求创新工作的高技术型人才，带来创新和产量。例如在硅谷工作的软件工程师中，有近75%左右是外国出生，在西澳大利亚，一半以上的医生都是外国出生。

调查人员表示，这种状况不可能改变，因为激烈的技能竞争还将持续，不平等还将保持。有技能的人，总会找到他们移民目的国家的途径。

加拿大一直是中国富人移民的首选国家之一。此前，胡润研究院与汇加顾问集团对141位平均财富4200万元的已移民、正申请移民和考虑移民的中国高净值人群进行专项调研。调查发现，加拿大仍是中国高净值人群想移民的第二大国家。此外，教育质量、环境污染和食品安全是中国高净值人群想移民的最主要原因。

Canada a top destination for highly skilled immigrants, World Bank finds

from: www.cbc.ca/news/business/world-bank-skilled-immigrants-canada-1.3811523

Canada is among the four countries of the world that consistently attract the top tier of highly skilled immigrants, new research from the World Bank suggests.

In a working paper, researchers Sari Pekkala Kerr, William Kerr, Çaǧlar Özden and Christopher Parsons looked at migration patterns in recent decades to track any changes in either the volume of people moving around the world, or where they are coming from or going to.

Four countries — the U.S., the U.K., Canada and Australia — attract the vast majority of the world’s immigrants, the researchers have found.

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Despite alarmist political movements and media coverage, the reality is that global immigration today has been largely steady for the past half-century, the data shows.

Worldwide, the percentage of people who live in a country other than the one they were born in is the same today as it was in 1960: about three per cent.

That’s not to say, however, that immigration trends are steady and unchanging. Outside of a recent surge in people leaving certain parts of the world as refugees, there’s a clear pattern among people with education and above-average income levels voluntarily moving for economic reasons.

“A pattern is emerging in which these high-skilled migrants are departing from a broader range of countries and heading to a narrower range of countries,” the paper said, “in particular, the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada and Australia.”

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To be sure, the United States is still at the top of that list, well ahead of the next three. A full 40 per cent of the world’s high-skilled immigrants are moving to the U.S., the paper estimates. But Canada is solidly in that second tier. If the U.K., Canada and Australia are included, the ratio jumps to 75 per cent of the world’s skilled migrants.

That’s great news for Canada, as those people typically come with an existing source of wealth, and their skillsets help boost and change the economy wherever they land.

“The weight of the evidence points to high-skilled immigrants boosting innovation and productivity,” the report says, “mainly through the increased quantity of skilled individuals pursuing innovative work.”

Immigrant income data shows wide gaps Canada
In particular, the paper notes a surge in the number of skilled women moving across the globe. In 2010, for the first time, the world saw more high-skilled women migrants than men. A large number hailed from Africa and Asia, and were headed for English-speaking nations in North America and Europe.

“The root causes of this surge have yet to be traced out fully,” the paper says, but it’s clear the impact of that migration will change the way of life in both where they came from, and where they’re going.

“The high-skilled members of the next generation appear to be less tied to any particular location or national identity, but instead have mentalities and connections that are much more global in nature than those of their predecessors,” the researchers said.

In the face of the successes by Canada and the other big three target nations, other developed economies such as Germany, France and Spain have stepped up their efforts to attract skilled immigrants. But so far they have yet to make a dent.

Immigration strategy needs to focus on economy, Reis says
The top four countries continue to absorb a disproportionately large share of the world’s skilled immigrants — almost three-quarters of software engineers working in Silicon Valley are foreign-born, and more than half the doctors in Western Australia weren’t born there.

That’s unlikely to change, the researchers say, as “competition for skills will continue to be fierce and will likely remain unequal.”

“Talented, motivated individuals often find their way to the countries they want to move to,” the researchers said, “even if it means marrying an American.”