PRRA指南: 难民申请败诉 离境前风险评估申请 (Pre-Removal Risk Assessment )
加拿大政府要确保从加拿大遣返的人员不会回到有危险或遭受迫害的国家。 如果你即将从加拿大被遣返,则可能有资格申请遣返前风险评估(PRRA pre-removal risk assessment in Canada)。
申请资格
在遣返之前,加拿大边境服务署的官员 (CBSA)会通知你是否有资格申请PRRA.
多数情况下,如果你收到下列负面裁决,则必须等待12个月才能申请PRRA:
- 移民与难民局(IRB)的难民申请
- 加拿大移民部(IRCC)的以往PRRA申请
如果申请结果是:
- 拒绝 rejected
- 放弃 abandoned
- 撤案 withdrawn
如果你有资格申请PRRA,则官员将说明如何提交申请。
无需等待12个月的申请人
根据你原籍国的状态,你有可能无需等待12个月,即可申请PRRA。加拿大移民部会时常更新这个国家名单:
不执行遣返的国家 Exempted countries | 不执行遣返的日期和阶段 Exemption applies on or between these dates |
---|---|
Brunei | June 14, 2018, and June 13, 2019 |
Burundi – archived | August 13, 2014, and August 12, 2015 |
Central African Republic | December 9, 2016, and December 8, 2017 |
Central African Republic – archived | May 12, 2013, and May 11, 2014 |
Central African Republic – archived | August 15, 2011, and August 14, 2012 |
Egypt – archived | May 12, 2013, and May 11, 2014 |
Egypt – archived | August 15, 2011, and August 14, 2012 |
Ethiopia | July 28, 2015, and July 27, 2016 |
Guinea-Bissau – archived | August 15, 2011, and August 14, 2012 |
Libya – archived | February 20, 2014, and February 19, 2015 |
Libya – archived | August 15, 2011, and August 14, 2012 |
Mali – archived | February 21, 2012, and February 20, 2013 |
Mali – archived | August 15, 2011, and August 14, 2012 |
Russia | July 1, 2016, and June 30, 2017 |
Somalia – archived | August 15, 2011, and August 14, 2012 |
South Sudan – archived | August 27, 2013, and August 26, 2014 |
Sudan – archived | August 15, 2011, and August 14, 2012 |
Syria – archived | August 15, 2011, and August 14, 2012 |
Turkey | February 16, 2016, and February 15, 2017 |
Venezuela | July 8, 2016, and July 7, 2017; August 20, 2018, and August 19, 2019 |
Yemen – archived | June 18, 2014, and June 17, 2015 |
其他不符合资格的情况
你无法申请PRRA,如果:
如何申请PRRA
如果你符合PRRA的申请资格,CBSA官员会向你提供一份申请表和申请指南,并暂停执行遣返。
您必须填写表格并通过以下方式提交申请:Y
你将不会被遣返,直到:
请随申请提交:
移民部审核要点:
对于某些应申请,我们不认为有遭受迫害的风险risk of persecution。 例如,我们不考虑因严重犯罪而限制入境的人遭受迫害的风险。 相反,我们仅评估他们的酷刑(danger of torture),残忍和不寻常的待遇或处罚的危险以及生命危险(cruel and unusual treatment or punishment and risk to life)。
PRRA申请递交后
你有责任不断更新你的PRRA 申请。 如果情况有变,必须通知移民部。
如果PRRA申请获准
如果PRRA 申请获准,你将成为受保护人士/公约难民(Convention refugee) 。之后,既可以进入移民申请了。
在某些情况下,移民部会接受你的PRRA申请,但却没有资格成为受保护人士。 例如,如果符合:
在这种情况下,移民部将允许你留在加拿大,直到你的情况有所变化,或可以安全地遣返原籍国为止。
如果PRRA申请被拒
如果PRRA申请被拒,你必须离开加拿大。或申请加拿大高等法院对裁决进行司法复核。